TABLE 1

Pharmacokinetic measures (mean ± S.E.M.; n = 5-7) of MDMA and its metabolites

18°C
24°C
31°C
MDMA
t½ (min) ~ 136.3 ± 24.7 96 ± 7.1 ~ 143.7 ± 7.1
Cmax (ng/ml) 13,535 ± 2707 8999 ± 2569 6722 ± 2726
CL (ml/min × kg) 13.4 ± 0.4 16.4 ± 3.9 15 ± 3.4
Vdss (ml/kg) 610 ± 76 1740 ± 601 2140 ± 597
AUC0-240 min (ng/ml × min) 132,224 ± 27,688 113,077 ± 27,310 101,010 ± 41,313
HHMA
Cmax (ng/ml) 449.6 ± 39.7 653.7 ± 86.8 754.2 ± 210.7
HHMA/MDMA* 0.6 ± 0.19 1.18 ± 0.33 1.91 ± 0.64
AUC0-240 min (ng/ml × min) 59,459 ± 7864 86,882 ± 13,186 104,503 ± 30,014
HHA
Cmax (ng/ml) 121.9 ± 17.8 155.7 ± 39.2 106.7 ± 16.5
HHA/MDMA* 0.17 ± 0.06 0.32 ± 0.13 0.21 ± 0.05
AUC0-240 min (ng/ml × min) 15,825 ± 2164 18,402 ± 3450 13,651 ± 1757
MDA
Cmax (ng/ml) 28.2 ± 15.9 9.6 ± 1.9 12.1 ± 3.6
MDA/MDMA* 0.024 ± 0.005 0.011 ± 0.002 0.015 ± 0.007†
AUC0-240 min (ng/ml × min)
2767 ± 451‡
1145 ± 224
942 ± 386

  • ↵* Ratio of the metabolite (AUC0-240 min) to MDMA (AUC0-240 min).

  • ↵† Data represent mean ± S.E.M. (n = 3).

  • ↵‡ Significantly different (P < 0.05) from other ambient temperatures.