TABLE 1 Kinetic parameters for efavirenz 8-oxidation
Efavirenz (0.5, 2, 5, 20, and 50 μM) was incubated with monkey liver microsomes (0.1 mg/ml) or recombinant monkey CYP2C or CYP2B6 enzymes (10 pmol/ml) at 37°C for 10 minutes in the presence of an NADPH-generating system. 8-Hydroxyefavirenz formation was quantified by LC-MS/MS using mefenamic acid as internal standard and showed linearity between 0.1–0.5 mg protein/ml in monkey liver microsomes, 10–50 pmol of P450 in monkey CYP2C9, and reaction time range of 10–20 minutes. Kinetic analysis was done using nonlinear regression analysis employing the Michaelis-Menten equation or the equation for substrate inhibition: v = Vmax • [S]/(Km + [S]), or v = Vmax • [S]/(Km + [S] + [S]2/Ks).