Baseline characteristics of the study population
Data are presented as mean (S.D.) unless indicated as n (%). BMI was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. NAFLD activity score was assessed on a scale of 0–8, with higher scores showing more severe disease; the components of this measure were steatosis (assessed on a scale of 0–3), lobular inflammation (assessed on a scale of 0–3), and hepatocellular ballooning (assessed on a scale of 0–2). Portal inflammation was assessed on a scale of 0–2, with higher scores showing more severe inflammation. Mean fibrosis stage was assessed on a scale of 0–4, with higher scores showing more severe fibrosis.
| Characteristics | Healthy | Steatosis | NASH |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 19.3 (1.2) | 15.3 (2.3) | 17.4 (1.7) |
| Female sex, n (%) | 8 (47.1) | 5 (71.4) | 2 (40) |
| Hispanic ethnicity, n (%) | 3 (17.6) | 7 (100) | 5 (100) |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 5 (29.4) | 0 | 0 |
| Caucasian | 10 (58.8) | 0 | 0 |
| ≥2 Races | 0 | 1 (14.3) | 0 |
| Height, cm | 170.3 (11.0) | 163.5 (10.2) | 166.5 (11.6) |
| Weight, kg | 69.3 (15.4) | 89.6 (24.4) | 107.2 (22.5) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.8 (4.8) | 33.1 (5.3) | 38.3 (3.3) |
| ALT, U/L | 18 (6) | 79 (70) | 73 (37) |
| Liver histology | |||
| NAFLD activity score (NAS) | NA | 4.0 (1.4) | 5.6 (0.5) |
| Steatosis score | NA | 2.1 (0.7) | 2.2 (0.8) |
| Lobular inflammation score | NA | 1.4 (0.8) | 2.0 (0.0) |
| Portal inflammation score | NA | 0.6 (0.5) | 0.6 (0.5) |
| Hepatocellular ballooning score | NA | 0.4 (0.5) | 1.6 (0.9) |
| Fibrosis stage | NA | 1 (1.7) | 2 (2.3) |
| CYP polymorphisms, n (%) | |||
| CYP2C9*2 | 4 (23.5) | 0 | 1 (20) |
| CYP2C9*3 | 4 (23.5) | 1 (14.3) | 0 |
| CYP2C19*2 | 4 (23.5) | 1 (14.3) | 0 |
| CYP2C19*17 | 4 (23.5) | 0 | 1 (20) |
| CYP3A4*1b | 3 (17.6) | 3 (42.9) | 1 (20) |
| CYP3A5*3 | 5 (29.4) | 4 (57.1) | 1 (20) |
NA, not applicable.