Cross-species overview of CYP P450 enzyme family
Fetal-adult relationships have not been described for dogs and nonhuman primates.
| Enzymea | Human | Pig | Mice | Rat | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CYP3A4/CYP3A5 | CYP3A4 was present in fetal kidney at GW 8. Levels were also present at pediatric age. | CYP3A4 expression was slowly increased from newborn to adult. | CYP3A11 protein was not detected at PNW 3 to 4, PNW 9 to 10, and 9 to 10 mo | No fetal-adult relation described. | Aleksa et al., 2004, 2005; Miki et al., 2005; Hersman and Bumpus, 2014 |
| Low levels were present in fetal and adult kidneys. | CYP3A25 protein showed low levels at PNW 9 to 10 and 9 to 10 mo of age in females. It was undetected in males. | No fetal-adult relation described. | |||
| CYP3A5 was present in fetal kidney at GW 28. CYP3A5 present in the pediatric population. | |||||
| CYP2B6 | No fetal-adult relation described. | CYP2b22 activity was present from birth and slightly lower on PND 1–10 compared with PND 15-adulthood | CYP2b9 protein was stable between PNW 3 and 10 and decreased between PNW 10 and 10 mo of age in females but not in males. | No fetal-adult relation described. | Aleksa et al., 2004; Hersman and Bumpus, 2014 |
| CYP2C8/CYP2C9 | CYP2C8 was expressed in the first trimester (5–12 GW). CYP2C8 was expressed in all tubules from GW 5 to 20. Stronger expression was observed in adults. | No fetal-adult relation described. | CYP2C29 protein concentrations were very low in males at PNW 3 to 4, PNW 9 to 10, and 8–10 mo. In females, presence was only noted at PNW 9 to 10. | CYP2c23 expression increased progressively from birth until declining at PNW 3. | Marie et al., 1993; Cizkova et al., 2014; Hersman and Bumpus, 2014; Johansson et al., 2014 |
| CYP2C9 incidental expression was observed in the first trimester (5–12 GW). CYP2C9 was expressed in all tubules from GW 5 to 20. Adult expression was slightly less in the proximal tubules. | CYP2C37 showed moderate protein concentrations from PNW 3 to 4 until adulthood, with a peak in females at PNW 9 to 10. | ||||
| No fetal data available | |||||
| CYP3A2 | No fetal-adult relation described. | No fetal-adult relation described. | No fetal-adult relation described. | CYP3A2 young age (PNW 2) expression peak was observed. | Kwekel et al., 2013 |
| CYP4A/F family | No fetal-adult relation described. | No fetal-adult relation described. | High protein concentration of CYP4A12 was noted in both sexes at PNW 3 to 4 and PNW 9 to 10. At 9 to 10 mo, concentrations were significantly decreased in females only. | CYP4F4 young age (PNW 2) expression peak was observed. | Kalsotra et al., 2005; Kwekel et al., 2013; Hersman and Bumpus, 2014 |
| CYP4F1 expression was stable between 4 and 18 PNW. CYP4F4 levels doubled at 8 PNW but thereafter declined sharply by 12 and 16 PNW. CYP4F5 expression also decreased by 50% at 12–18 PNW when compared with four PNW expression. CYP4F6 levels, in contrast, increased by 40% at 8 PNW and 4-fold by 12 PNW. However, at 18 PNW, 4F6 levels were reduced back to their 4 PNW levels. |
↵a Human Isoforms are listed for easy reference. Known animal isoforms were included in the evaluation.