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Effects of allicin on CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 activity in healthy volunteers with different CYP2C19 genotypes

  • Pharmacokinetics and Disposition
  • Published:
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the interaction between allicin and omeprazole and to observe the effects of allicin on CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 activity in healthy Chinese male volunteers with different CYP2C19 genotypes.

Methods

Eighteen subjects (six CYP2C19*1/CYP2C19*1, four CYP2C19*1/CYP2C19*2, two CYP2C19*1/ CYP2C19*3, and six CYP2C19*2/ CYP2C19*2) were enrolled in a two-phase randomized crossover trial. In each phase, all subjects received placebo or a 180 mg allicin capsule once daily for 14 consecutive days. The pharmacokinetics of omeprazole (20 mg orally on day 15) was determined for up to 12 h following administration by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Results

In carriers of the CYP2C19*1/CYP2C19*1 and CYP2C19*1/CYP2C19*2 or *3 genotype, allicin treatment increased the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of omeprazole by 49.7 ± 7.2 (p < 0.001) and 54.2 ± 9.2% (p < 0.001), and increased the area under the plasma time–concentration curve (\({\text{AUC}}_{\left( {0 - \infty } \right)} \) ) of omeprazole by 48.1 ± 9.0 (p = 0.001) and 73.6 ± 26.7% (p < 0.001), respectively. The ratio of \({\text{AUC}}_{\left( {0 - \infty } \right)} \) of 5-hydroxyomeprazole to omeprazole (a marker for CYP2C19 activity) decreased significantly (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). However, no pharmacokinetic parameters were significantly changed by allicin in CYP2C19*2/CYP2C19*2. The Cmax and \({\text{AUC}}_{\left( {0 - \infty } \right)} \) of omeprazole sulfone were unchanged in all three genotypes.

Conclusions

Allicin reduced the metabolism of omeprazole by inhibiting CYP2C19 activity in individuals with the CYP2C19*1/CYP2C19*1 and CYP2C19*1/CYP2C19*2 or *3 genotypes, but not in those with the CYP2C19*2/ CYP2C19*2 genotype. Allicin did not significantly affect the activity of CYP3A4 in all subjects.

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Funding source

This work was supported by research grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China 30528026, 30300428, 30672497 and 30500623, and by the China Medical Board of New York grants 01-755.

Conflict of interest

None of the authors has any conflict of interest regarding this study.

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Author notes

  1. Li-Jun Yang

    Present address: Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Province People’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People’s Republic of China

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, People’s Republic of China

    Li-Jun Yang, Lan Fan, Zhao-Qian Liu, Yan-Mei Mao, Dong Guo, Li-Hui Liu, Zhi-Rong Tan, Liang Peng, Chun-Ting Han, Dong-Li Hu, Dan Wang & Hong-Hao Zhou

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  1. Li-Jun Yang
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Correspondence to Lan Fan or Hong-Hao Zhou.

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Yang, LJ., Fan, L., Liu, ZQ. et al. Effects of allicin on CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 activity in healthy volunteers with different CYP2C19 genotypes. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 65, 601–608 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-008-0608-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-008-0608-1

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