Xanthine oxidase from human liver: Purification and characterization
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Human xanthine oxidase recombinant in E. coli: A whole cell catalyst for preparative drug metabolite synthesis
2016, Journal of BiotechnologyCitation Excerpt :Krenitsky et al. (1986) believed that even poor substrates for XOR would be completely metabolized by this enzyme, considering its relatively high abundance in the human body. XOR has been described to oxidize several types of substrates, from pyridines, pyrazines, purines, pyrimidines, quinolones to pterines (Krenitsky et al., 1986). It can also oxidize drugs such as 6-deoxyacyclovir (Krenitsky et al., 1984), 6-mercaptopurine (Bergmann and Ungar, 1960), famciclovir (Kitamura et al., 2006), allopurinol (Kitamura et al., 2006; Pacher et al., 2006), pyrazinamide (Yamamoto et al., 1987), 5-fluorouracil (Kitamura et al., 2006), and quinazoline (McCormack et al., 1978).
Purine metabolism is dysregulated in patients with major depressive disorder
2016, PsychoneuroendocrinologyA continuous spectrophotometric enzyme-coupled assay for deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolases
2016, Analytical BiochemistryCitation Excerpt :First, when considering that PNPase does not significantly discriminate between ribo- and deoxynucleosides [32], it is conceivable to assay ribonucleoside phosphohydrolases [33] such as apyrase (EC 3.6.1.5) [34]. Moreover, considering that Homo sapiens XOD is active toward adenine [35], the activity of enzymes releasing deoxyadenosine or adenosine could be assayed using the procedure described here. Therefore, it is our hope that the commercial repertoire of XODs from different sources will be expanded, giving the opportunity to widen the applications of the enzyme-coupled assay described here.
Xanthine oxidase inhibitors isolated from Piper nudibaccatum
2015, Phytochemistry LettersXanthine oxidase inhibitory properties and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-amino-5-alkylidene-thiazol-4-ones
2015, Chemico-Biological InteractionsCitation Excerpt :Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a highly versatile flavoprotein enzyme, ubiquitous among species (from bacteria to human) and within the various tissues of mammals [1]. It catalyzes the last two steps in the purine degradation pathway prior to formation of uric acid, that is, hydroxylation of hypoxanthine to xanthine, and then to uric acid [2]. There is an overwhelming acceptance that XO serum levels are significantly increased in various pathological states like hepatitis, inflammation, ischemia–reperfusion, carcinogenesis and aging, and that ROS generated in the enzymatic process are involved in oxidative damage.