Research paperMetabolism of the 4-iodo derivative of tamoxifen by isolated rat hepatocytes: Demonstration that the iodine atom reduces metabolic conversion and identification of four metabolites
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Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) in cancer treatment
2018, Pharmacology and TherapeuticsCitation Excerpt :Idoxifene was also developed to improve potency and reduce side effects that were common to tamoxifen. The addition of an iodine group to the 4 position was expected to reduce clearance, allowing for a longer half-life and a longer duration of action and as expected, idoxifene displayed a 2.5 times slower rate of metabolism (McCague, Parr, & Haynes, 1990; Osborne, Wiebe, McGuire, Ciocca, & DeGregorio, 1992). Idoxifene showed some agonist activity in the uterus in preclinical models (Nuttall et al., 1998), although, in a phase II study, the endometrial profile of tamoxifen and idoxifene was similar (Johnston et al., 2004).
Idoxifene versus tamoxifen: A randomized comparison in postmenopausal patients with metastatic breast cancer
2003, Annals of OncologyCitation Excerpt :Idoxifene (pyrrolidino-4-iodofamaxifene), a 4-iodinated analog of tamoxifen, is a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that was created in an effort to produce an antiestrogen with greater antiestrogenic but lower estrogenic activity than tamoxifen [6, 7]. Compared with tamoxifen, idoxifene has been found to be metabolically more stable [6, 8] and to have a higher relative binding affinity for the estrogen receptor (ER) [7, 9]. Idoxifene has greater in vitro antitumor activity than tamoxifen [7, 10].
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