Review article
Central nervous system trauma and stroke: II. Physiological and pharmacological evidence for involvement of oxygen radicals and lipid peroxidation

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Abstract

The previous article outlined the biochemical basis and evidence for the occurrence of oxygen radical generation and lipid peroxidation during the acute phase of central nervous system (CNS) trauma or stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic). The identification of oxygen radicals and lipid peroxidation as important pathophyiological mediators of trauma or stroke-induced neural degeneration, rather than simply epiphenomena, depends upon the successful demonstration of their association with actual secondary physiological and structural degenerative events. Moreover, their significance in the pathophysiology of CNS trauma or stroke must be supported by experimental observations that pharmacological antagonism of either oxygen radical generation and/or lipid peroxidation results in a therapeutic effect (i.e., interruption of seconadry nervous tissue degeneration). Indeed, recent investigations have provided compelling evidence for the view that oxygen radical-mediated processes play a key pathophysiological role during the acute phase of CNS trauma or stroke. Furthermore, their pharmacological manipulation may serve as an avenue for the therapeutic attempts aimed at limiting neural degeneration and improving neurological recovery.

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  • Cited by (0)

    ∗∗

    Edward D. Hall received his BS in Biology from Mount Union College in Alliance, Ohio in 1972 and his PhD in Pharmacology from the Cornell University Graduate School of Medical Sciences in 1976 under the direction of Walter F. Riker. After completing a postdoctoral fellowship, also at Cornell, he moved to the Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine in 1978 where he held positions as an Assistant and later an Associate Professor of Pharmacology. In 1982, he joined the CNS Diseases Research Unit where he holds the rank of Senior Research Scientist in addition to retaining an Adjunct Associate Professorship at his former institution in Ohio. He is an Associate Editor of the Journal of Neurotrauma and a member of the Scientific Advisory Council of the American Paralysis Association. His research interests include the role of peroxidation mechanisms in central and peripheral neuronal degeneration, pathophysiology and treatment of acute CNS trauma and ischemia, and steroid effects on nervous tissue. His personal interests include weight-lifting; Canadian fishing; World War II history and church activities.

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