Nitric oxide and biopterin in depression and stress
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Cited by (53)
Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides increase serotonin in the brain and ameliorate depression via promoting 5-hydroxytryptophan production in the gut microbiota
2022, Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica BCitation Excerpt :First, we reproduced the relative pharmacokinetic results of MOO and verified that the blood exposure of MOO was very low after oral administration (Supporting Information Fig. S1). Neurotransmitters such as 5-HT, dopamine34 and NO35 are closely related to depression, thus we used the HPLC–MS/MS method to determine the levels of 5-HT and dopamine, and the NO assay kit (nitrate reductase method) to test the levels of NO. After incubating MOO with the gut microbiota of the SD rats for 6 h, MOO at 50 μg/mL significantly reduced the 5-HT levels in the gut microbiota cultures by 11.3% (P < 0.05); after 12 h incubation, MOO at 10 or 50 μg/mL decreased 5-HT by −21.1% (P < 0.01) or −33.5% (P < 0.05) respectively (Fig. 1B). The results demonstrate a dose- and time-dependent manner of MOO in its action on 5-HT.
Pathologic role of nitrergic neurotransmission in mood disorders
2019, Progress in NeurobiologyCitation Excerpt :This led to the discovery that increased nNOS expression in hippocampal CA1 and subiculum of BPD patients (Oliveira et al., 2008) and that iNOS mRNA expression and protein levels are increased in postmortem frontal cortex from BPD compared to control subjects (Rao et al., 2010). Although the contribution of NO to MDD was investigated via the effects of methylene blue in MDD patients as early as the 1980 s (Moody et al., 1989; Narsapur and Naylor, 1983; Naylor et al., 1987; Turner, 1985), it wasn’t established until the late 1990 s that brain-derived NO plays an important role in the pathogenesis of depression (Harvey, 1996; Karatinos et al., 1995; van Amsterdam and Opperhuisen, 1999). Some studies of MDD patients demonstrated a significant reduction in the total amount and density of NOS immunoreactive neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (Bernstein et al., 1998), nNOS immunoreactivity in the locus coeruleus (Karolewicz et al., 2004), activity of both eNOS and nNOS in prefrontal cortex (Xing et al., 2002), platelet eNOS activity as well as plasma levels of NO metabolites (NOx) (Chrapko et al., 2004; Ozcan et al., 2004; Selley, 2004) and polymorphonuclear leukocytes NOx levels (Srivastava et al., 2002).
Nitric oxide: Antidepressant mechanisms and inflammation
2019, Advances in PharmacologyCitation Excerpt :NO can also react with cysteine thiol, S-nitrosylation, and transition metal centers for numerous downstream effects (Drapier & Bouton, 1996; Stamler et al., 1992). In the late 1990s and early 2000s, it was hypothesized that central NO has a role in the pathogenesis of depression (Harvey, 1996; Karatinos et al., 1995; van Amsterdam & Opperhuisen, 1999). This hypothesis derived from reports demonstrating a significant reduction in the activity of both eNOS and nNOS in prefrontal cortex (Xing, Chavko, Zhang, Yang, & Post, 2002), platelet eNOS activity or levels of plasma NO metabolites (NOx) (Chrapko et al., 2004; Ozcan, Gulec, Ozerol, Polat, & Akyol, 2004; Selley, 2004), density of NOS immunoreactive neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (Bernstein et al., 1998), nNOS immunoreactivity in the locus coeruleus (Karolewicz et al., 2004) and polymorphonuclear leukocytes NOx levels (Srivastava, Barthwal, Dalal, et al., 2002) in patients with MDD.
Co-occurrence of anxiety and depressive-like behaviors following adolescent social isolation in male mice; possible role of nitrergic system
2015, Physiology and BehaviorCitation Excerpt :Nitric oxide synthases are a family of three proteins consisting of endothelial (eNOS), neuronal (nNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) which play a modulatory role in biological processes such as cardiovascular regulation and neurotransmission [17]. In this context, eNOS and nNOS are constitutive isoenzymes, which account for generation of low levels of NO, while it has been shown that iNOS is responsible for overproduction of NO mostly under pathological conditions [16]. Previous studies have shown that nitrergic system is involved in the pathogenesis of mood and anxiety disorders [18].
Inflammation and neurological disease-related genes are differentially expressed in depressed patients with mood disorders and correlate with morphometric and functional imaging abnormalities
2013, Brain, Behavior, and ImmunityCitation Excerpt :Thirdly, interferon α (IFNα), TNF, and IL1β have been shown to upregulate the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) in vitro (Tsao et al., 2006; Zhu et al., 2006), while intraperitoneal administration of double-stranded DNA (which mimics a viral infection) increased expression of IFNα and 5-HTT but decreased extracellular serotonin in the medial prefrontal cortices of mice (Katafuchi et al., 2006). Fourthly, inflammation may lead to a decrease in tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) which is a cofactor for the production of both serotonin and dopamine (van Amsterdam and Opperhuizen, 1999; Hoekstra et al., 2006). It is not clear what cell types were responsible for the mood disorder-associated differences in gene expression in our study.