The design and synthesis of indazole and pyrazolopyridine based glucokinase activators for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus
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2021, TetrahedronCitation Excerpt :In general, both electron-donating (Me and OMe) and electron-withdrawing (F, Cl, and Br) groups at the C5 or C6 position was compatible under the optimized conditions to give products 3a-j in 34–78% yields. Compared with halogen groups, methoxy-substituted substrates led to slightly decreased yields for 3a and 3f, which is also the case in 2-(2H- [1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]indazol-2-yl)phenyl acetate to furnish product 3j in 47% yield. On the other hand, disubstituted indazoles was also employed to provide the acetoxylated products 3k−m in 50–78% yields.
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2019, TetrahedronCitation Excerpt :The rearrangement involves the formation of an azirine intermediate which was isolated in one case. A two-step procedure involving the formation of 2-pyrid-2-ylazirines was applied for the synthesis of several pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines for medicinal studies (Scheme 153) [198–200]. The first stage is a formation of 2-(pyrid-2-yl)azirine by trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) and trimethylamine, the second one is the FeCl2-catalyzed isomerization of the azirine under heating.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel thiazol-2-yl benzamide derivatives as glucokinase activators
2018, Computational Biology and ChemistryCitation Excerpt :GK activators are the new class of drug candidates which act on GK enzyme and show their hypoglycaemic activity (Grewal et al., 2014). A wide variety of molecules including benzamides (Pike et al., 2011; Li et al., 2011; Mao et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2012a; Park et al., 2013, 2014; Singh et al., 2017), acetamides (Cheruvallath et al., 2013; Pfefferkorn et al., 2012a), carboxamides (Pfefferkorn et al., 2012b), acrylamides (Sidduri et al., 2010), benzimidazoles (Ishikawa et al., 2009), quinazolines (Iino et al., 2009), thiazoles (Hinklin et al., 2013), pyrimidines (Filipski et al., 2013), and urea derivatives (Li et al., 2014; Zhang et al., 2012b) have been reported in last few years to act as potential GK activators. Despite the fact that several chemical moieties are being explored as GK activators by researchers, the maximum research efforts related to GK activators had mainly focused on the benzamide derivatives owing to their orientation and thus binding pattern in the allosteric site.
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