Prevention and Treatment of Cancer With Aspirin: Where Do We Stand?
Section snippets
Epidemiological Evidence
Multiple retrospective studies on inflammation and cancer have been published since the late 1980s suggesting a preventive role of anti-inflammatory drugs, especially aspirin.6 The effect of long-term use of aspirin on the development on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality was analyzed recently by Rothwell and collaborators.7 In a combined analysis of four randomized trials designed for the primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular events, it was found that use of aspirin at doses
Adjuvant Treatment of Colorectal Cancer with Aspirin
Among the 142,000 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer in the United States in 2013, it is estimated that in 72% of cases the tumor arises from the colon and in 28% of cases from the rectum.30 Colorectal cancer is predominantly a disease affecting older individuals as 90% of new cases and 94% of deaths occur in individuals aged 50 and older. In the 1980s 5-fluorouracil–based adjuvant chemotherapy became the standard of care for resectable stage III colorectal cancer and reduced mortality
Conclusions and Future Directions
Retrospective analyses of randomized studies designed to assess the effect of aspirin on cardiovascular events strongly suggest that intake of aspirin is associated with decreased incidence of cancer. While a randomized controlled study showed that the intake of 600 mg aspirin per day for a mean of 25 months substantially reduces the incidence of colorectal cancer in patients with hereditary colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome),44 such data are not yet available with respect to the use of aspirin
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2022, Materials Today ChemistryCitation Excerpt :ASP is an anti-inflammatory drug most commonly used to treat inflammatory diseases. The association between chronic inflammation and cancer [17,18] suggests that ASP can be effective against cancer. Anticancer effects of ASP have been already established in colorectal cancer [19,20], esophageal cancer [21], gastric cancer [22], liver cancer [23], and pancreatic cancer [24].
From old to new — Repurposing drugs to target mitochondrial energy metabolism in cancer
2020, Seminars in Cell and Developmental BiologyCitation Excerpt :Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most commonly prescribed drugs worldwide (e.g. Aspirin, Ibuprofen, and Diclofenac). It is widely accepted that Aspirin, in particular, reduces the risk of developing cancer [140]. Besides the anti-inflammatory properties of NSAIDs, based on their inhibition of prostaglandin-synthesizing cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 [141], these compounds are considered to possess antitumor activity by inducing apoptosis via mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS production [142–144].
The anti-tumor effect of aspirin: What we know and what we expect
2017, Biomedicine and PharmacotherapyDrug-repositioning opportunities for cancer therapy: Novel molecular targets for known compounds
2016, Drug Discovery TodayCitation Excerpt :Prospective studies are in progress to confirm its anticancer properties, both alone and combined with cytotoxic agents (Table 1). Aspirin, the oldest nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), elicits interesting anticancer properties, although most data derive from randomized trials analyzing the prophylactic and/or chemopreventive potential exploiting its anti-inflammatory activity [60–62]. Several studies reveal the benefits of daily aspirin on multiple aspects of cancer chemoprevention, by reducing both incidence and mortality [63], and metastasis in patients already diagnosed with cancer [64].
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Conflicts of interest: none.