Review
The Organic Anion Transporter (OATP) Family

https://doi.org/10.2133/dmpk.19.171Get rights and content

Summary:

In the last decade, many organic anion transporters have been isolated, characterized their distribution and substrates. The recently identified organic anion transporter family OATP (organic anion transporting polypeptide)/LST (liver-specific transporter) family, transport bile acids, hormones as well as eicosanoids, various compounds (BSP, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, etc.). The isolation of the family revealed that not only hydrophilic compounds, drugs and hormones of lipophilic nature need a membrane transport system to penetrate cell membrane. In this family, the nomenclature becomes very complicated and the physiological role of this family is still unclear except about few organs such as the brain, liver and kidney. Even in such organs, the coexistence of the OATP/LST family and similar substrate specificity hamper the progress and clear characterization identifying the real role of the transporter family. Here, recent progress and an insight of this field are reviewed.

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      Citation Excerpt :

      Thus, the different types of Oatps in the kidneys of mice and rats might be responsible for the differences observed in nephrotoxicity. To the best of our knowledge, Oatp1a1, Oatp2a1, Oatp1a3, Oatp1a5, Oatp2b1, Oatp3a1, Oatp4a1 and Oatp1a6 occur in the kidneys of rats and Oatp1a1, Oatp2a1, Oatp1a4, Oatp1a5, Oatp3a1, Oatp1a6 and Oatp2b1 occur in the kidneys of mice (Cheng et al., 2005; Cheng and Klaassen 2009; Kim 2003; Kusuhara and Sugiyama 2002; Mikkaichi et al., 2004; Tsujimoto et al., 2013; Zaïr et al., 2008), which may indicate that the Oatps specific to the kidneys of rats might play a vital role in the observed differences in nephrotoxicity. These assumptions require further exploration.

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