The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are now considered the most potent lipid-lowering drugs. Treatment with statins reduces both morbidity and mortality rates due to coronary artery disease. There is now increasing evidence that the clinical benefits obtained with statins cannot be solely attributed to a decrease in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level. These drugs may also have beneficial effects on endothelial dysfunction, LDL oxidation, rheological and thrombogenic factors, cellular inflammation and plaque formation and stability. Further, there are differences among the various statins on these non-lipid variables. The biochemical effects of statins, as well as their clinical benefits, should be taken into consideration.