Propranolol: pooled Michaelis-Menten parameters and the effect of input rate on bioavailability

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1985 May;37(5):481-7. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1985.76.

Abstract

Average steady-state propranolol plasma concentration (Css) were calculated from published steady-state propranolol clearance data for dose rates (Ro) of 40, 80, 160, 240, and 320 mg/ day in divided doses every 6 hours. The Css-Ro data for each of four subjects were fit essentially perfectly by the equation: Css = KmRo/ (Vm-Ro). Very similar Vm and Km values were obtained with the Vmi and Kmi values for four parallel Michaelis-Menten pathways of propranolol metabolism. It is shown by use of the mean Vm and Km values that the propranolol input rate profoundly affects its bioavailability, which is expected for a first-pass drug that follows Michaelis-Menten elimination kinetics after oral dosing. This most likely explains the poor bioavailability of propranolol after a sustained-release formulation. The decreased bioavailability of propranolol when the number of subdivisions of the daily dose is increased is also explained.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Biological Availability
  • Delayed-Action Preparations
  • Humans
  • Kinetics
  • Male
  • Mathematics
  • Propranolol / administration & dosage
  • Propranolol / blood
  • Propranolol / metabolism*

Substances

  • Delayed-Action Preparations
  • Propranolol