Three phenotypically distinct processes—somatic hypermutation, gene conversion, and switch
recombination—remodel the functionally rearranged immunoglobulin (Ig) loci in B cells. …

The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is on the rise, and the prognosis for patients with
recurrent or metastatic disease is extremely poor. Although chemotherapy and radiation …

We grafted fetal thymi from wild-type mice into immunodeficient RAG-2 −/− or class II −/−
RAG-2 −/− (class II MHC − ) recipients and followed the fate of naive CD4 + T cells derived from …

Scheduling theory holds great promise as a means to a priori validate timing correctness of
real-time applications. However, there currently exists a wide gap between scheduling theory …

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of vascular
endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We also examined the …

Background Gene disruption by targeted integration of transfected constructs becomes
increasingly popular for studies of gene function. The chicken B cell line DT40 has been widely …

Formaldehyde is an aliphatic monoaldehyde and is a highly reactive environmental human
carcinogen. Whereas humans are continuously exposed to exogenous formaldehyde, this …

Cross-linking agents that induce DNA interstrand cross-links (ICL) are widely used in anticancer
chemotherapy. Yeast genetic studies show that nucleotide excision repair (NER), Rad6/…

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a DNA polymerase cofactor and regulator of
replication-linked functions. Upon DNA damage, yeast and vertebrate PCNA is modified at the …

Base excision repair (BER) plays an essential role in protecting cells from mutagenic base
damage caused by oxidative stress, hydrolysis, and environmental factors. POLQ is a DNA …