Critical features of human addiction are increasingly being incorporated into complementary
animal models, including escalation of drug intake, punished drug seeking and taking, …

Background Synthetic cathinones are popularly referred to in the media as “bath salts.”
Through the direct and indirect activation of the sympathetic nervous system, smoking, snorting, …

The recreational use of amphetamine-type stimulants can produce a marked and sometimes
lethal increase in body temperature. Here we show that mice deficient in a mitochondrial …

Substance-use disorders are a global public health problem that arises from behavioral
misallocation between drug use and more adaptive behaviors maintained by nondrug …

Heroin is a highly abused opioid and incurs a significant detriment to society worldwide. In
an effort to expand the limited pharmacotherapy options for opioid use disorders, a heroin …

An acute and potentially life-threatening complication associated with the recreational use of
the 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) is hyperthermia. In the present …

Clinical evidence suggest that men are more sensitive than women to the abuse-related effects
of mu-opioid agonists. In contrast, preclinical studies suggest the opposite sex difference. …

Drug self-administration procedures have played a critical role in the experimental analysis
of psychoactive compounds, such as cocaine, for over 50 years. While there are numerous …

Pain is often associated with depression of behavior and mood, and relief of pain-related
depression is a common goal of treatment. This study tested the hypothesis that pain-related …

The current opioid crisis remains a significant public health issue and there is a critical need
for biomedical research to develop effective and easily deployable candidate treatments. …