Ketamine is known to provide analgesic effects without an anesthetic when administered in
a low dose. We previously reported that a tablet containing ketamine had analgesic effects in …

Ketamine is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) leading to production of pharmacologically
active products and contributing to drug excretion. We identified the CYP enzymes …

A gas chromatographic‐mass spectrometric method was developed for the stereoselective
quantification of threo‐methylphenidate (MPD) and its metabolite, ritalinic acid (RA), in …

Simple Summary Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a stress responsive cytokine
that mediates food intake, energy consumption, and body weight. We aimed to evaluate …

We investigated the relationships between methylphenidate (MPD) enantiomers and
endogenous dopamine (DA) levels in striatal extracellular fluid, and that between DA level and …

Although a variety of topical treatments have been used for skin hyperpigmentation, the
effectiveness of each varies after prolonged treatment. In this study, 136 Oriental patients who …

Purpose. The locomotive activity changes after intravenous (iv) administration of methylphenidate
(MPD) in rats were pharmacodynamically analyzed. Methods. MPD concentration in …

Methylphenidate [MPD; thgeg-(+)/(-)—methyl—a-pheny1—a—(2-piperidyl) acetate], a central
stimulant, is of great clinical importance in the treatment of attention—deficit disorder and …

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Acquired dermal melanocytosis (ADM; acquired bilateral
nevus of Ota-like macules) is known for its recalcitrance compared with Nevus of Ota, and …

The pharmacokinetics of (+)‐methylphenidate after oral administration of 20 mg racemic
methylphenidate hydrochloride and the relationship between clinical effects of plasma (+)‐…